Icyo wamenya k’ umubyeyi w’Ubumenyi Bw’Ikirere n’Ubugenge Galileo Galileini umwe wazuze ngo “la terre tourne”
Galileo Galilei ni umwe mu bahanga b’abanyabugenge n’abahanga mu mibare bamenyekanye cyane mu mateka. Yavutse mu mwaka wa 1564 mu Butaliyani, aba umwe mu bantu bagize uruhare mu kuvumbura ibintu byinshi mu bijyanye n’ubumenyi bw’ikirere n’ibindi byari bitaramenyekana icyo gihe.
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Ubuzima n’Ubuhanga bwa Galileo
Galileo yakuze akunda cyane ibyerekeranye n’ubumenyi n’imibare, akura yiga byimbitse iby’ikirere (astronomy) ndetse no gukora ubushakashatsi ku ngingo zinyuranye zishingiye ku bumenyi bw’imibare n’ubugenge (physics). Yari umwarimu muri kaminuza, aho yigishaga ndetse agakora ubushakashatsi. Ni we wahinyuje igitekerezo cy’uko Isi ari yo igaragiye izuba (ahubwo avuga ko ari izuba rizengurutswa n’imibumbe irimo n’Isi).
Imwe mu Mivumburamatsiko ya Galileo
Galileo ni we wakoze amwe mu mavumburamatsiko akomeye mu bijyanye n’ikirere:
Ivugurura rya 1:
Ubugenge bw’amaso (Telescope): Yakoresheje telesikopi (telescope) mu kwitegereza ikirere, asanga hari ibintu byinshi bitandukanye n’ibyo abantu bari bazi. Yahishuye ko hari ibizamini bitandukanye byo mu kirere birimo nk’ibirabura ku kwezi, imyanda yo mu kirere, ndetse yitegereza neza imibumbe nka Jupitare n’inyenyeri zayo.
Ivugurura rya 2:
Amategeko y’ibyerekeranye n’imbaraga n’uburemere: Galileo yize byinshi ku bijyanye n’ukuntu ibintu bigenda bisimbuka biva ahantu hagana ahandi, atanga ibisobanuro kuri bimwe mu byari bizwi nabi icyo gihe. Yavumbuye ko ibintu byose bigira umuvuduko ungana iyo birimo kugwa ku Isi, byaba ibiremereye cyangwa ibyoroshye.
Ivugurura rya 2:
Inyigisho z’isi izenguruka izuba: Muri icyo gihe, hariho igitekerezo cya Ptolemeo (Ptolemy), cyo kuba Isi ari yo ihagaze hagati mu kirere. Nyamara, Galileo yemeje ko izuba ari ryo riri hagati mu kirere n’imibumbe izenguruka rikaba riri mu cyerekezo kimwe n’uko ubu bimenyerwe (igitekerezo cya Copernicani).
Ibyo Yakorewe Kubera Ibyo Yavumbuye
Kubera imvugo ze zavuguruzaga idini ry’igihe cye (gatoreka), Galileo yarwanyijwe cyane. Yagiye mu rukiko rw’inkiko z’idini (Inquisition), ashinjwa gushishikariza abantu kwigira kure y’inyigisho z’idini. Yakatiwe igihano cyo gufungwa mu rugo iwe ubuzima bwe bwose, ariko ntiyacitse intege. N’ubwo atemererwaga gukora ubushakashatsi, yakomeje gukorana ubushake kandi arenga kuri ibyo bihano.
Ibyo Twakwiga kuri Galileo
Galileo Galilei ni urugero rw’umuntu waharaniye ubumenyi, akemera ko bwavuguruza ibyo abantu basanganywe kandi akabikorana ukwihangana. Abantu benshi bamufatamo urugero kubera ubushake yagaragaje mu kuvumbura no kugera ku bintu bishya nubwo yari arwanya imyumvire y’icyo gihe.
Uyu mwanditsi azwi nk’umwe mu “babyeyi b’ubugenge bugezweho” kuko yavumbuye byinshi mu byo tugenderaho mu bumenyi, ari na ko yerekana akamaro ko gukorera ubushakashatsi bushingiye ku buhamya n’ibisubizo bifatika.
Iki ni gice gito ku buzima bwa Galileo Galilei; hari byinshi by’inyigisho n’amasomo abantu bashobora gukura mu bushake n’ubutwari bye mu gushakisha ukuri ku isi n’ikirere.
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